Hidráulica a Pequeña Escala Bun-ca

Hidráulica a Pequeña Escala Bun-ca Manuales Sobre Energía Renovable Fuente: BUN-CA Reseña Para la región de América Central, las tecnologías de energía renovable a pequeña escala representan una alternativa económica y ambiental factible para la provisión de energía a comunidades rurales remotas y para la expansión de la capacidad eléctrica instalada, ya sea por medio de sistemas aislados o por proyectos conectados a la red eléctrica. La región cuenta con suficientes recursos para desarrollar sistemas hidráulicos, solares, eólicos y de biomasa, principalmente.

Adicionalmente, estas tecnologías pueden disminuir la contaminación del medio ambiente, causada por las emisiones de gases de los sistemas convencionales que utilizan combustibles fósiles, como el carbón, y productos derivados del petróleo. Estos gases contribuyen al efecto invernadero y al calentamiento global de nuestro planeta.

INDICE

Tabla de simbología. Introducción. ¿Qué es la energía hidráulica. Energía hidráulica e hidroeléctrica. Tipos de centrales hidroeléctricas. Funcionamiento de la tecnología. Ciclo hidrológico. Componentes de un sistema hidroeléctrico. Aplicaciones. Sistemas domésticos individuales. Micro y mini - hidro para usos productivos y mini redes comunales. Conexión a la red eléctrica interconectada. Costos. Estimación de costos. Aspectos a considerar para centrales conectadas a la red. Aspectos ambientales. Ventajas y desventajas. Ventajas. Desventajas. Experiencias en América Central. Potencial. Barreras. Anexos. Publicaciones y sitios web recomendados. Consultores y suplidores de equipo. Conceptos básicos de energía. Algunos aspectos técnicos de la energía hidroeléctrica.

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Eolica Bun-ca

Eólica  Manuales Sobre Energía Renovable Fuente: BUN-CA Reseña Para la región de América Central, las tecnologías de energía renovable a pequeña escala representan una alternativa económica y ambiental factible para la provisión de energía a comunidades rurales remotas y para la expansión de la capacidad eléctrica instalada, ya sea por medio de sistemas aislados o por proyectos conectados a la red eléctrica. La región cuenta con suficientes recursos para desarrollar sistemas hidráulicos, solares, eólicos y de biomasa, principalmente.

Adicionalmente, estas tecnologías pueden disminuir la contaminación del medio ambiente, causada por las emisiones de gases de los sistemas convencionales que utilizan combustibles fósiles, como el carbón, y productos derivados del petróleo. Estos gases contribuyen al efecto invernadero y al calentamiento global de nuestro planeta.

INDICE

Tabla de simbología. Introducción. Historia y estado actual de la energía eólica. Breve restrospectiva sobre la energía eólica. Estado actual de la energía eólica. El recurso eólico. Origen del viento. Estimación del recurso. Funcionamiento y componentes. Transformación de la energía. Componentes. Aplicaciones. Aplicaciones mecánicas. Sistemas eléctricos aislados. Sistemas eléctricos conectados a la red. Costos. Proyectos aislados. Proyectos conectados a la red. Aspectos ambientales. Ventajas y desventajas. Ventajas. Desventajas. Experiencias en América Central. Proyectos desarrollados por país. Principales barreras al desarrollo de la energía eólica. Anexos. Publicaciones y sitios web recomendados. Consultores y suplidores de equipo en América Central. Conceptos básicos de energía. Algunos aspectos técnicos de la energía eólica.

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Biomasa Bun-ca

Biomasa  Manuales Sobre Energía Renovable Fuente: BUN-CA Reseña Para la región de América Central, las tecnologías de energía renovable a pequeña escala representan una alternativa económica y ambiental factible para la provisión de energía a comunidades rurales remotas y para la expansión de la capacidad eléctrica instalada, ya sea por medio de sistemas aislados o por proyectos conectados a la red eléctrica. La región cuenta con suficientes recursos para desarrollar sistemas hidráulicos, solares, eólicos y de biomasa, principalmente.

Adicionalmente, estas tecnologías pueden disminuir la contaminación del medio ambiente, causada por las emisiones de gases de los sistemas convencionales que utilizan combustibles fósiles, como el carbón, y productos derivados del petróleo. Estos gases contribuyen al efecto invernadero y al calentamiento global de nuestro planeta.

INDICE

Tabla de simbología. Introducción. ¿Qué es la biomasa? El recurso biomásico. Fuentes de biomasa. Algunas características de la biomasa. Convirtiendo biomasa en energía. Procesos de conversión. Formas de energía. Combustión y emisiones. Aplicaciones. Sector doméstico. Industrias. Sector comercial. Costos. Aspectos ambientales. Ventajas y desventajas. Ventajas. Desventajas. Experiencias en América Central. Usos actuales de la biomasa en América Central. Oportunidades en América Central. Barreras para el desarrollo de la biomasa como fuente de energía. Anexos. Publicaciones y sitios web recomendados. Suplidores de equipos y ONGs en América Central. Conceptos básicos de energía. Algunos aspectos técnicos de la energía de biomasa.

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Wireless Security Know It All

Wireless Security  Know It All Praphul Chandra Alan Bensky Tony Bradley Chris Hurley Steve Rackley John Rittinghouse James F. Ransome Timothy Stapko George L. Stefanek Frank Thornton Jon Wilson Reseña What is it that makes a wireless medium so unique? What are the problems of operating in the wireless medium and how are they overcome? What are the different types of wireless networks in use today?

How does each one of them work and how do they differ from each other? The aim of this chapter is to answer these questions so as to establish a context in which wireless security can be studied in the following chapters. ¿Qué es lo que hace un medio inalámbrico tan único? ¿Cuáles son los problemas de funcionamiento en el medio inalámbrico y cómo se superaron? ¿Cuáles son los diferentes tipos de redes inalámbricas en uso hoy en día? ¿De qué manera cada uno de ellos trabajan y en qué se diferencian unos de otros? El objetivo de este capítulo es responder a estas preguntas con el fin de establecer un contexto en el que se estudia la seguridad inalámbrica en los siguientes capítulos.

INDICE

I: Wireless Technology. Wireless Fundamentals.  Wireless Network Logical Architecture.  Wireless Network Physical Architecture.  Radio Communication Basics.  Infrared Communication Basics.  Wireless LAN Standards.  Wireless Sensor Networks II: Security Defi  Security Defi ned.  Standardizing Security.  Secure Sockets Layer.  Cryptography.  Managing Access.  Security and the Law.  Intrusion Process.  Security Policy.  III. Wireless Network Security. Security in Traditional Wireless Networks Wireless LAN Security.  Security in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks.  Implementing Basic Wireless Security.  Implementing Advanced Wireless Security.  IV: Other Wireless Technology. Home Network Security.  Wireless Embedded System Security.  RFID Security.  Wireless Policy Essentials.

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INDICE GENERAL

I: Wireless Technology. Wireless Fundamentals. The Wireless Medium. Wireless Networking Basics. Wireless Network Logical Architecture. The OSI Network Model. Network Layer Technologies. Data Link Layer Technologies. Physical Layer Technologies. Operating System Considerations. Summary. Wireless Network Physical Architecture. Wired Network Topologies—A Refresher. Wireless Network Topologies. Wireless LAN Devices. Wireless PAN Devices. Wireless MAN Devices. Radio Communication Basics. Mechanisms of Radio Wave Propagation. Open Field Propagation. Diffraction. Scattering. Path Loss. Multipath Phenomena. Flat Fading. Diversity Techniques. Noise. Communication Protocols and Modulation. Summary. References. Infrared Communication Basics. The Ir Spectrum. Infrared Propagation and Reception. Summary. Wireless LAN Standards. The 802.11 WLAN Standards. The 802.11 MAC Layer. 802.11 PHY Layer. 802.11 Enhancements. Other WLAN Standards. Summary. Wireless Sensor Networks. Introduction to Wireless Sensor Networks. Individual Wireless Sensor Node Architecture. Wireless Sensor Networks Architecture. Radio Options for the Physical Layer in Wireless Sensor Networks. Power Consideration in Wireless Sensor Networks. Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks. Future Developments. References. II: Security Defi nitions and Concepts. Attacks and Risks. Threats to Personal Privacy. Fraud and Theft. Internet Fraud. Employee Sabotage. Infrastructure Attacks. Malicious Hackers. Malicious Coders. Industrial Espionage. Social Engineering. Endnotes. Security Defi ned. What Is Security?. What Can We Do?. Access Control and the Origins of Computer. Security Theory. Security Policies. Data Integrity and Authentication. Recommended Reading. Standardizing Security. Protocol Madness. Standardizing Security—A Brief History. Standardized Security in Practice. Cryptography and Protocols. Other Security Protocols. Secure Sockets Layer. SSL History. Pesky PKI. PKI Alternatives. SSL under the Hood. The SSL Session. SSL in Practice. Cryptography. Do We Need Cryptography?. Hashing—Low Security, High Performance. To Optimize or Not to Optimize. Choosing Cryptographic Algorithms. Tailoring Security for Your Application. Managing Access. Access Control. Password Management. Endnotes. Security and the Law. The 1996 National Information Infrastructure. Protection Act. President’s Executive Order on Critical. Infrastructure Protection. The USA Patriot Act of 2001. The Homeland Security Act of 2002. Changes to Existing Laws. Investigations. Ethics. Endnotes. Intrusion Process. Profi ling to Select a Target or Gather Information. Social Engineering. Searching Publicly Available Resources. War-driving, -Walking, -Flying, and -Chalking. Exploitable WLAN Confi gurations. How Intruders Obtain Network Access to a WLAN. Password Gathering and Cracking Software. Share Enumerators. Using Antennas and WLAN Equipment. Denial-of-Service Attacks and Tools. Rogue Devices as Exploitation Tools. Endnotes. Security Policy. Best Practice #1. Best Practice #2. Best Practice #3. III. Wireless Network Security. Security in Traditional Wireless Networks. Security in First Generation TWNs. Security in Second Generation TWNs. Security in 2.5 Generation TWNs. Security in 3G TWNs. Summary. Wireless LAN Security. Introduction. Key Establishment in 802.11. Anonymity in 802.11. Authentication in 802.11. Confi dentiality in 802.11. Data Integrity in 802.11. Loopholes in 802.11 Security. WPA. WPA2 (802.11i). Security in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks. Introduction. Bluetooth. Implementing Basic Wireless Security. Introduction. Enabling Security Features on a Linksys. WAP11 802.11 b Access Point. Filtering by Media Access Control (MAC) Address. Enabling Security Features on a Linksys BEFW. SR 802.11 b Access Point/Router. Enabling Security Features on a Linksys WRT54G. 802.1 lb/g Access Point/Router. Enabling Security Features on a D-Link DI-. AirPlus 2.4 GHz Xtreme G Wireless Router with 4-Port Switch. Confi guring Security Features on Wireless Clients. Summary. Solutions Fast Track. Implementing Advanced Wireless Security. Introduction. Implementing WiFi Protected Access (WPA). Implementing a Wireless Gateway with Reef Edge Dolphin. Implementing a VPN on a Linksys WRV54G VPN. Broadband Router. Implementing RADIUS with Cisco LEAP. Understanding and Confi guring 802.1X RADIUS Authentication. Summary. Solutions Fast Track. IV: Other Wireless Technology. Home Network Security. Introduction. The Basics of Wireless Networks. Basic Wireless Network Security Measures. Additional Hotspot Security Measures. Summary. Additional Resources. Wireless Embedded System Security. Wireless Technologies. Bluetooth. ZigBee. Wireless Technologies and the Future. RFID Security. Introduction. RFID Security in General. RFID Radio Basics. Why Use RFID?. RFID Architecture. Data Communications. Physical Form Factor (Tag Container). Threat and Target Identifi cation. Management of RFID Security. Summary. Links to Sites. Wireless Policy Essentials. A.1 Wireless Position Statement. Risk Assessment Policy. Audit Policy. Acceptable Use Policy. Network Policy. De-Militarized Zone (DMZ) Policy. Router Policy. Extranet Policy. Remote Access Policy. Dial-In Access Policy. VPN Communication Policy. Wireless Communication Policy. Server Policy. Password Policy. Application Password Policy. Anti-Virus Policy. Policy Exception Form. Glossary.

Programming 32-bit Microcontrollers in C Exploring the PIC32

Programming 32-bit Microcontrollers in C Exploring the PIC32 Lucio Di Jasio Reseña The new 32-bit microcontrollers bring the promise of more speed and more performance while offering an unprecedented level of compatibility with existing 8 and 16-bit PIC microcontrollers. In sixteen engaging chapters, using a parallel track to his previous title dedicated to 16-bit programming, the author puts all these claims to test while offering a gradual introduction to the development and debugging of embedded control applications in C.

Author Lucio Di Jasio, a PIC and embedded control expert, offers unique insight into the new 32-bit architecture while developing a number of projects of growing complexity. Experienced PIC users and newcomers to the field alike will benefit from the text's many thorough examples which demonstrate how to nimbly side-step common obstacles, solve real-world design problems efficiently and optimize code using the new PIC32 features and peripheral set.  Los nuevos microcontroladores de 32 bits traer la promesa de más velocidad y más rendimiento a la vez que ofrece un nivel sin precedentes de compatibilidad con los actuales 8 y 16-bit de microcontroladores PIC. En dieciséis capítulos participación, utilizando una vía paralela a su anterior título dedicado a la programación de 16-bits, el autor pone todas estas reclamaciones para poner a prueba al tiempo que ofrece una introducción gradual para el desarrollo y la depuración de aplicaciones de control embebido en C. Autor Lucio Di Jasio, un experto en control de PIC y embebido, ofrece una visión única de la nueva arquitectura de 32 bits, mientras que el desarrollo de una serie de proyectos de complejidad creciente. Los usuarios experimentados PIC y los recién llegados al campo se beneficiarán de muchos ejemplos a fondo del texto que muestran cómo esquivar ágilmente los obstáculos comunes, resolver problemas del mundo real del diseño eficiente y optimizar el código a utilizar las nuevas características y PIC32 conjunto de periféricos.

INDICE

Part 1 : Exploring. Day 1: The Adventure Begins.  Day 2: Walking in Circles.  Day 3: Message in a Bottle.  Day 4: Numbers.  Day 5: Interrupts.  Day 6: Memory.  Part 2: Experimenting. Day 7: Running.  Day 8: Communication  Day 9: Asynchronous Communication  Day 10: Glass _ Bliss.  Day 11: It ’ s an Analog World.  Part 3: Expansion. Day 12: Capturing User Inputs  Day 13: UTube.  Day 14: Mass Storage.  Day 15: File I/O.  Day 16: Musica, Maestro

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INDICE GENERAL

Part 1 : Exploring. Day 1: The Adventure Begins. The Plan. Preparation. The Adventure Begins. Compiling and Linking. The Linker Script. Building the First Project. Using the Simulator. Finding a Direction. The JTAG Port. Testing PORTB. Mission Debriefing. Notes for the Assembly Experts. Notes for the PIC MCU Experts. Notes for the C Experts. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Day 2: Walking in Circles. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. While Loops. An Animated Simulation. Using the Logic Analyzer. Debriefing. Notes for the Assembly Experts. Notes for the 8-Bit PIC Microcontroller Experts. Notes for the 16-Bit PIC Microcontroller Experts. Notes for the C Experts. Notes for the MIPS Experts. Tips & Tricks. Notes on Using the Peripheral Libraries. Exercises. Books. Links. Day 3: Message in a Bottle. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. Do Loops. Variable Declarations. for Loops. More Loop Examples. Arrays. Sending a Message. Testing with the Logic Analyzer. Testing with the Explorer 16 Demonstration Board. Testing with the PIC32 Starter Kit. Debriefing. Notes for the Assembly Experts. Notes for the PIC Microcontroller Experts. Notes for the C Experts. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Day 4: NUMBERS. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. On Optimizations (or Lack Thereof). Testing. Going long long. Integer Divisions. Floating Point. Measuring Performance. Debriefing. Notes for the Assembly Experts. Notes for the 8-Bit PIC® Microcontroller Experts. Notes for the 16-Bit PIC and dsPIC® Microcontroller Experts. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Day 5: Interrupts. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. Interrupts and Exceptions. Sources of Interrupt. Interrupt Priorities. Interrupt Handlers Declaration. The Interrupt Management Library. Single Vector Interrupt Management. Managing Multiple Interrupts. Multivectored Interrupt Management. A Simple Application. The Secondary Oscillator. The Real-Time Clock Calendar (RTCC). Debriefing. Notes for the PIC Microcontroller Experts. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Day 6: Memory. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. Memory Space Allocation. Looking at the MAP. Pointers. The Heap. The PIC32MX Bus. PIC32MX Memory Mapping. The Embedded-Control Memory Map. Debriefing. Notes for the C Experts. Notes for the Assembly Experts. Notes for the PIC Microcontroller Experts. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Part 2: Experimenting. Day 7: Running. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. Performance vs. Power Consumption. The Primary Oscillator Clock Chain. The Peripheral Bus Clock. Initial Device Configuration. Setting Configuration Bits in Code. Heavy Stuff. Ready, Set, Go!. Fine-Tuning the PIC32: Configuring Flash Wait States. Fine-Tuning the PIC32: Enabling the Instruction and Data Cache. Fine-Tuning the PIC32: Enabling the Instruction Pre-Fetch. Fine-Tuning the PIC32: Final Notes. Debriefing. Notes for the Assembly Experts. Notes for the PIC® Microcontroller Experts. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Day 8: Communication .. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. Synchronous Serial Interfaces. Asynchronous Serial Interfaces. Parallel Interfaces. Synchronous Communication Using the SPI Modules. Testing the Read Status Register Command. Writing Data to the EEPROM. Reading the Memory Contents. A 32-bit Serial EEPROM Library. Testing the New SEE Library. Debriefing. Notes for the C Experts. Notes for the Explorer 16 Experts. Notes for the PIC24 Experts. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Day 9: Asynchronous Communication .. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. UART Configuration. Sending and Receiving Data. Testing the Serial Communication Routines. Building a Simple Console Library. Testing a VT100 Terminal. The Serial Port as a Debugging Tool. The Matrix Project. Debriefing. Notes for the C Experts. Notes for the PIC® Microcontroller Experts. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Day 10: Glass _ Bliss. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. HD44780 Controller Compatibility. The Parallel Master Port. Configuring the PMP for LCD Module Control. A Small Library of Functions to Access an LCD Display. Building an LCD Library and Using the PMP Library. Creating the include and lib Directories. Advanced LCD Control. Progress Bar Project. Debriefing. Notes for the PIC24 Experts. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Day 11: It ’ s an Analog World. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. The First Conversion. Automating Sampling Timing. Developing a Demo. Creating Our Own Mini ADC Library. Fun and Games. Sensing Temperature. Debriefing. Notes for the PIC24 Experts. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Part 3: Expansion. Day 12: Capturing User Inputs .. The Plan. Preparation. Buttons and Mechanical Switches. Button Input Packing. Button Inputs Debouncing. Rotary Encoders. Interrupt-Driven Rotary Encoder Input. Keyboards. PS/2 Physical Interface. The PS/2 Communication Protocol. Interfacing the PIC32 to the PS/2. Input Capture. Testing Using a Stimulus Scripts. The Simulator Profiler. Change Notification. Evaluating Cost. I/O Polling. Testing the I/O Polling Method. Cost and Efficiency Considerations. Keyboard Buffering. Key Code Decoding. Debriefing. Notes for the PIC24 Experts. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Day 13: UTube. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. Generating the Composite Video Signal. The Output Compare Modules. Image Buffers. Serialization, DMA, and Synchronization. Completing a Video Library. Testing the Composite Video. Measuring Performance. Seeing the Dark Screen. Test Pattern. Plotting. A Starry Night. Line Drawing. Bresenham Algorithm. Plotting Math Functions. Two-Dimensional Function Visualization. Fractals. Text. Printing Text on Video. Text Test. The Matrix Reloaded. Debriefing. Notes for the PIC24 Experts. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Day 14: Mass Storage. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. The Physical Interface. Interfacing to the Explorer 16 Board. Starting a New Project. Selecting the SPI Mode of Operation. Sending Commands in SPI Mode. Completing the SD Card Initialization. Reading Data from an SD/MMC Card. Writing Data to an SD/MMC Card. Testing the SD/MMC Interface. Debriefing. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Day 15: File I/O. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. Sectors and Clusters. The File Allocation Table. The Root Directory. The Treasure Hunt. Opening a File. Reading Data from a File. Closing a File. The Fileio Module. Testing fopenM() and freadM(). Writing Data to a File. Closing a File, Take Two. Accessory Functions. Testing the Complete Fileio Module. Code Size. Debriefing. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Day 16: Musica, Maestro!. The Plan. Preparation. The Exploration. OC PWM Mode. Testing the PWM as a D/A Converter. Producing Analog Waveforms. Reproducing Voice Messages. A Media Player. The WAVE File Format. The Play() Function. The Audio Routines. A Simple WAVE File Player. Debriefing. Tips & Tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. Disclaimer. Final Note for the Experts.

Programming 16-Bit PIC Microcontrollers in C

Programming 16-Bit PIC Microcontrollers in C Learning to Fly the PIC24 Lucio Di Jasio Reseña Most readers will associate Microchip's name with the ubiquitous 8-bit PIC microcontrollers but it is the new 16-bit PIC24F family that is truly stealing the scene. Orders of magnitude increases of performance, memory size and the rich peripheral set make programming these devices in C a must. This new guide by Microchip insider Lucio Di Jasio teaches readers everything they need to know about the architecture of these new chips: How to program them, how to test them, and how to debug them.

Di Jasio's common-sense, practical, hands-on approach starts out with basic functions and guides the reader step-by-step through even the most sophisticated programming scenarios. Experienced PIC users, including embedded engineers, programmers, designers, and SW and HW engineers, and new comers alike will benefit from the text's many thorough examples, which demonstrate how to nimbly sidestep common obstacles and take full advantage of the many new features. La mayoría de los lectores asociar el nombre de Microchip con los microcontroladores PIC de 8 bits en todas partes, pero es el nuevo 16-bit de la familia PIC24F que es realmente el robo de la escena. Los pedidos de aumentos de la magnitud de rendimiento, tamaño de memoria y el conjunto periférico rico que la programación de estos dispositivos en C una necesidad. Esta nueva guía de información privilegiada por Microchip Lucio Di Jasio enseña a los lectores todo lo que necesitan saber acerca de la arquitectura de estos nuevos chips: Cómo programarlos, cómo probarlos y cómo depurarlos. Di Jasio de sentido común, práctico, enfoque práctico comienza con funciones básicas y guía al lector paso a paso a través de incluso los escenarios de programación más sofisticadas. Los usuarios experimentados PIC, incluyendo ingenieros embebidos, programadores, diseñadores, ingenieros y SW y HW, y recién llegados se beneficiarán de muchos ejemplos a fondo del texto, que demuestran cómo esquivar ágilmente los obstáculos comunes y sacar el máximo provecho de las nuevas características.

INDICE

THE FIRST FLIGHT.  A LOOP IN THE PATTERN.  MORE PATTERN WORK, MORE LOOPS.  NUMBERS. INTERRUPTS.  TAKING A LOOK UNDER THE HOOD.  COMMUNICATION.  ASYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATION.  GLASS BLISS.  IT’S AN ANALOG WORLD.  CROSS-COUNTRY FLYING. CAPTURING INPUTS.  THE DARK SCREEN.  MASS STORAGE.  FILE I/O.  VOLARE.

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INDICE GENERAL

THE FIRST FLIGHT. Flight plan. Preflight checklist. The flight. Compiling and linking. Building the first project. PORT initialization. Retesting PORTA. Testing PORTB. Post-flight briefing. Notes for assembly experts. Notes for PIC MCU experts. Notes for C experts. Tips and tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. A LOOP IN THE PATTERN. Flight plan. Preflight checklist. The flight. An animated simulation. Using the Logic Analyzer. Post-flight briefing. Notes for assembly experts. Notes for PIC microcontroller experts. Notes for C experts. Tips and tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. MORE PATTERN WORK, MORE LOOPS. Flight plan. Preflight checklist. The flight. Do Loops. Variable declarations. for loops. More loop examples. Arrays. A new demo. Testing with the Logic Analyzer. Using the Explorer16 demonstration board. Post-flight briefing. Notes for assembly experts. Notes for PIC microcontroller experts. Notes for C experts. Tips and tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. NUMBERS. Flight plan. Preflight checklist. The flight. On optimization (or lack thereof). Testing. Going long. Note on the multiplication of long integers. Long long multiplication. Floating point. Notes for C experts. Measuring performance. Post-flight briefing. Notes for assembly experts. Notes for PIC microcontroller experts. Tips and tricks. Math libraries. Complex data types. Exercises. Books. Links. INTERRUPTS. Flight plan. Preflight checklist. The flight. Nesting of interrupts. Traps. A template and an example for Timer1 interrupt. A real example with Timer1. Testing the Timer1 interrupt. The secondary oscillator. The real-time clock calendar (RTCC). Managing multiple interrupts. Post-flight briefing. Notes for C experts. Notes for assembly experts. Notes for PIC microcontroller experts. Tips and tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. TAKING A LOOK UNDER THE HOOD. Flight plan. Preflight checklist. The flight. Memory space allocation. Program space visibility. Investigating memory allocation. Looking at the MAP. Pointers. The heap. MPLAB C30 Memory Models. Post-flight briefing. Notes for C experts. Notes for assembly experts. Notes for PIC microcontroller experts. Tips and tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. PART II – FLYING “SOLO”. COMMUNICATION. Flight plan. Preflight checklist. The flight. Synchronous serial interfaces. Asynchronous serial interfaces. Parallel interfaces. Synchronous communication using the SPI modules. Testing the Read Status Register command. Writing to the EEPROM. Reading the memory contents. A nonvolatile storage library. Testing the new NVM library. Post-flight briefing. Notes for C experts. Notes for the experts. Notes for PIC microcontroller experts. Tips and tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. ASYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATION. Flight plan. Preflight checklist. The flight. UART configuration. Sending and receiving data. Testing the serial communication routines. Building a simple console library. Testing a VT100 terminal. Using the serial port as a debugging tool. The matrix. Post-flight briefing. Notes for C experts. Notes for PIC microcontroller experts. Tips and tricks. About the ICD2 and UARTs on ICE. Exercises. Books. Links. GLASS BLISS. Flight plan. Pre-flight checklist. The flight. HD44780 controller compatibility. The Parallel Master Port. Configuring the PMP for LCD module control. A small library of functions to access an LCD display. Advanced LCD control. Post-flight briefing. Notes for C experts. Tips and tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. IT’S AN ANALOG WORLD. Flight plan. Preflight checklist. The flight. The first conversion. Automatic sampling timing. Developing a demo. Developing a game. Measuring temperature. The breath-alizer game. Post-flight briefing. Notes for C experts. Tips and tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. PART III – CROSS-COUNTRY FLYING. CAPTURING INPUTS. Flight plan. The flight. The PS/2 communication protocol. Interfacing a PIC24 to the PS/2. Input Capture. Testing the Input Capture method using Stimulus Scripts. Testing the PS/2 receive routines. The simulation. The Simulator Profile. Another method – Change Notification. Evaluating cost. A third method – I/O polling. Testing the I/O polling method. Cost and efficiency of the solution. Completing the interface: adding a FIFO buffer. Completing the interface: performing key codes decoding. Post-flight briefing. Tips and tricks. Stalling transmissions from the keyboard – Open-Drain Output Control. Exercises. Books. Links. THE DARK SCREEN. Flight plan. The flight. Generating the composite video signal. Using the Output Compare modules. Memory allocation. Image serialization. Building the video module. Testing the video generator. Measuring performance. The dark screen. A test pattern. Plotting. A starry night. Line drawing. Bresenham algorithm. Plotting math functions. Two-dimensional function visualization. Fractals. Text. Testing the TextOnGPage module. Developing a text page video. Testing the text page performance. Post-flight briefing. Tips and tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. MASS STORAGE. Flight plan. The flight. The SD/MMC card physical interface. Interfacing to the Explorer16 board.. Starting a new project. Selecting the SPI mode of operation. Sending commands in SPI mode. Completing the SD/MMC card initialization. Reading data from an SD/MMC card. Writing data to an SD/MMC card. Using the SD/MMC interface module. Post-flight briefing. Tips and tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. FILE I/O. Flight plan. The flight. Sectors and Clusters. The File Allocation Table (FAT). The Root Directory. The treasure hunt. Opening a fi le. Reading data from a fi le. Closing a fi le. Creating the fileio module. Testing fopenM() and freadM(). Writing data to a fi le. Closing a fi le, second take. Accessory functions. Testing the complete fi leio module. Code Size. Post-flight briefing. Tips and tricks. Exercises. Books. Links. VOLARE. Flight plan. The flight. Using the PIC24 OC modules in PWM mode. Testing the PWM as a D/A converter. Producing analog waveforms. Reproducing voice messages. A media player. The WAVE fi le format. The play() function. The low level audio routines. Testing the WAVE fi le player. Optimizing the fi le I/O. LED Profiling. Looking under the hood for more. Post-flight briefing. Tips and tricks. Exercises. Books. Links.

PIC Microcontrollers Di Jasio Wilmshurst Ibrahim

PIC Microcontrollers Lucio Di Jasio Tim Wilmshurst Dogan Ibrahim John Morton Martin P. Bates Jack Smith D. W. Smith Chuck Hellebuyck Reseña The Newnes Know It All Series takes the best of what our authors have written over the past few years and creates a one-stop reference for engineers involved in markets from communications to embedded systems and everywhere in between.

PIC design and development a natural fit for this reference series as it is one of the most popular microcontrollers in the world and we have several superbly authored books on the subject. This material ranges from the basics to more advanced topics. There is also a very strong project basis to this learning. The average embedded engineer working with this microcontroller will be able to have any question answered by this compilation. He/she will also be able to work through real-life problems via the projects contained in the book. The Newnes Know It All Series presentation of theory, hard fact, and project-based direction will be a continual aid in helping the engineer to innovate in the workplace. Newnes lo sabe todo, la Series toma lo mejor de nuestros autores han escrito en los últimos años, y crea una referencia única para los ingenieros que participan en los mercados de las comunicaciones en los sistemas embebidos y en todas partes en el medio. PIC diseño y desarrollo de un paso natural para esta serie de referencia ya que es uno de los microcontroladores más populares en el mundo y tenemos varios libros magníficamente autor sobre el tema. Este material va desde lo básico hasta temas más avanzados. Hay también una base de proyecto muy fuerte a este aprendizaje. El ingeniero de media incrustado trabajar con este microcontrolador será capaz de tener cualquier pregunta contestada por esta compilación. Él / ella también será capaz de trabajar a través de problemas reales a través de los proyectos contenidos en el libro. Newnes lo sabe todo, la Serie presentación de la teoría, basado en proyectos dirección será una ayuda constante para ayudar al ingeniero de innovar en el lugar de trabajo.

INDICE

An Introduction to PIC Microcontrollers. The PIC Microcontroller Family.  Introducing the PIC 16 Series and the 16F84A.  Parallel Ports, Power Supply and the Clock Oscillator.  Programming PIC Microcontrollers Using Assembly Language. Starting to Program—An Introduction to Assembler.  Building Assembler Programs.  Further Programming Techniques.  Prototype Hardware.  More PIC Applications and Devices.  The PIC12F50x Series (8-pin PIC Microcontrollers Intermediate Operations Using the PIC12F675.  Using Inputs.  Keypad Scanning.  Program Examples.  Programming PIC Microcontrollers Using PicBasic. PicBasic and PicBasic Pro Programming Simple PIC Projects.  Moving On with the 16F876.  Communication.  Programming PIC Microcontrollers Using MBasic. MBasic Compiler and Development Boards.  The Basics—Output. The Basics—Digital Input. Introduction.  Introductory Stepper Motors.  Digital Temperature Sensors and Real-Time Clocks.  Infrared Remote Controls.  Programming PIC Microcontrollers Using C. Getting Started.  Programming Loops More Pattern Work, More Loops NUMBERS.  Interrupts Taking a Look Under the Hood.  Appendices.

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INDICE GENERAL

An Introduction to PIC Microcontrollers. The PIC Microcontroller Family. 12-bit Instruction Word. 14-bit Instruction Word. 16-bit Instruction Word. Inside a PIC Microcontroller. Introducing the PIC 16 Series and the 16F84A. The Main Idea—the PIC 16 Series Family. An Architecture Overview of the 16F84A. A Review of Memory Technologies. The 16F84A Memory. Some Issues of Timing. Power-Up and Reset. What Others Do—the Atmel AT89C2051. Taking Things Further—the 16F84A On-Chip Reset Circuit. Parallel Ports, Power Supply and the Clock Oscillator. The Main Idea—Parallel Input/Output. The Technical Challenge of Parallel Input/Output. Connecting to the Parallel Port. The PIC 16F84A Parallel Ports. The Clock Oscillator. Power Supply. The Hardware Design of the Electronic Ping-Pong. Programming PIC Microcontrollers Using Assembly Language. Starting to Program—An Introduction to Assembler. The Main Idea—What Programs Do and How We Develop Them. The PIC 16 Series Instruction Set, with a Little More on the ALU. Assemblers and Assembler Format. Creating Simple Programs. Adopting a Development Environment. An Introductory MPLAB Tutorial. An Introduction to Simulation. Downloading the Program to a Microcontroller. What Others Do—A Brief Comparison of CISC and RISC Instruction Sets. Taking Things Further—The 16 Series Instruction Set Format. Building Assembler Programs. The Main Idea—Building Structured Programs. Flow Control—Branching and Subroutines. Generating Time Delays and Intervals. Dealing with Data. Introducing Logical Instructions. Introducing Arithmetic Instructions and the Carry Flag. Taming Assembler Complexity. More Use of the MPLAB Simulator. The Ping-Pong Program. Simulating the Ping-Pong Program—Tutorial. What Others Do—Graphical Simulators. Further Programming Techniques. Program Timing. Hardware Counter/Timer. Interrupts. More Register Operations. Special Features. Program Data Table. Assembler Directives. Special Instructions. Numerical Types. www.newnespress.com. www.newnespress.com. Prototype Hardware. Hardware Design. Hardware Construction. Demo Board. Demo Board Applications. More PIC Applications and Devices. 16F877 Application. 16F818 Application. 12F675 Application. 18F452 Application. The PIC12F50x Series (8-pin PIC Microcontrollers). Differences from the PIC16F54. Example Project: PIC Dice. Intermediate Operations Using the PIC12F675. The Inner Differences. Interrupts. EEPROM. Analog to Digital Conversion. Comparator Module. Final Project: Intelligent Garden Lights. Using Inputs. Switch Flowchart. Program Development. Scanning (Using Multiple Inputs). Switch Scanning. Control Application—A Hot Air Blower. Keypad Scanning. Programming Example for the Keypad. Program Examples. Counting Events. Look-Up Table. 7-Segment Display. Numbers Larger than 255. Long Time Intervals. One Hour Delay. www.newnespress.com. Programming PIC Microcontrollers Using PicBasic. PicBasic and PicBasic Pro Programming. PicBasic Language. PicBasic Pro Language. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Interface and Commands. Interrupts. Recommended PicBasic Pro Program Structure. Using Stepping Motors. Using Servomotors. Simple PIC Projects. Project #1—Flashing an LED. Project #2—Scrolling LEDs. Project #3—Driving a 7-Segment LED Display. Moving On with the 16F876. Project #4—Accessing Port A I/O. Project #5—Analog-to-Digital Conversion. Project #6—Driving a Servomotor. Communication. Project #7—Driving an LCD Module. Project #8—Serial Communication. Project #9—Driving an LCD with a Single Serial Connection. Programming PIC Microcontrollers Using MBasic. MBasic Compiler and Development Boards. The Compiler Package. BASIC and Its Essentials. Development Boards. Programming Style. Building the Circuits and Standard Assumptions. Pins, Ports and Input/Output. Pseudo-Code and Planning the Program. Inside the Compiler. The Basics—Output. Pin Architectures. LED Indicators. Switching Inductive Loads. Low Side Switching. Isolated Switching. Fast Switching—Sound from a PIC. The Basics—Digital Input. Introduction. Switch Bounce and Sealing Current. Hardware Debouncing. Software Debouncing. Isolated Switching. Reading a Keypad. Reference. Introductory Stepper Motors. Stepper Motor Basics. Programs. Digital Temperature Sensors and Real-Time Clocks. DS18B20 Temperature Sensor. Reading Multiple Sensors on the Same Bus. DS1302 Real-Time Clock. Combination Date, Time and Temperature. Ideas for Modifi cations to Programs and Circuits. Infrared Remote Controls. Common Encoding Standards. IR Receiver. Characterizing Wide/Narrow Pulse Intervals. Decoding a REC-80 Controller. Ideas for Modifi cations to Programs and Circuits. Programming PIC Microcontrollers Using C. Getting Started. The Plan. Checklist. Coding. Review. Books. Links. Programming Loops. The Plan. Checklist. Coding. Using the Logic Analyzer. Review. Books. Links. More Pattern Work, More Loops. The Plan. Checklist. Coding. Testing with the Logic Analyzer. Using the Explorer16 Demonstration Board. Review. Books. Links. NUMBERS. The Plan. Checklist. Coding. Notes for C Experts. Measuring Performance. Review. Links. Interrupts. The Plan. Checklist. Coding. Managing Multiple Interrupts. Review. Books. Links. Taking a Look Under the Hood. The Plan. Checklist. Coding. Review. Books. Links. Appendices. The PIC 16 Series Instruction Set.. The Electronic Ping-Pong. DIZI-2 Board and Lock Application. Program M.. Program N. Program O. Program P. Program Q. Useful PIC Data. PIC 16F84A Data Sheet.